Black Saltwort
Lysimachia maritima is a plant species belonging to the family Primulaceae. It was previously called Glaux maritima, the only species in the monotypic genus Glaux.[1] The species has a number of common names, including sea milkwort, sea milkweed, and black saltwort.
black saltwort
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The majority of the coastal prairie is covered by saltwort (Batis maritima), perennial glasswort(Salicornia virginica), annual glasswort (Salicornia bigelovii), and small buttonwood trees. Saltwort is a pale green, low-growing succulent with curved leaves, while the glasswort has no leaves and is light green during the summer months and red throughout the autumn. These plants provide cover for the small animals that reside within this harsh habitat.
This zone is south of the sawgrass marsh. The predominant species is the scrub sawgrass (Maricus jamaicensis). Interspersed within this zone are: joint paspalum (Paspalum distichum), seashore paspalum (Paspalum vagianatum), black sedge (Schoenus nigricans), swamplily (Crinum americanum), seashore saltgrass (Distichlis spicata) and saltwort (Batis maritima).
Within the Juncus-Distichlis marsh are tree islands that are colonized by the more woody species. The vegetation found on the slightly higher elevation islands includes: green buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus), red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle), white mangrove (Laguncularia acemosa), black mangrove (Avicennia germinans), nightshade (Solanum verbascifolium), false willow (Baccharis angustifolia), golden leather fern (Acrostichum aurem) and sea oxeye (Borrichia frutescens).
Hypersaline Zone - Scrub (Dwarf) Mangrove (0-1.2m)This zone contains low open stands of red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) interspersed with very few white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa). Saline to brackish water lies in this area for most of the year, except in the center of the tree islands. The species found within this zone are: seashore saltgrass (Distichlis spicata), red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle), white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa), black rush (Juncus roemeriamus), Virginia glasswort (Salicomia virginica), sea oxeye (Borrichia frutescens).
Within these zones are tree islands that have soil elevations that are slightly higher. The tree islands are dominated by the red mangroves but a large number of white and black mangroves are also found, along with sedges, grasses and herbs around the island margins. The dominant vegetation is as follows: red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle), green buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus), white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa), black mangrove (Avicennia germinans), saltgrass (Disticalis spicata), black rush (Juncus roemerianus), Virginia glasswort (Salicornia virginica), saltwort (Batis maritima), fuirena (Fuirena scirpordea), sea oxeye (Borrichia frutescens).
Within this zone are tree islands that have slightly higher soil elevations. These islands are dominated by: red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle), white mangroves (Lagunculana racemosa), black mangroves (Avicennia germinans), saltwort (Batis maritima) and black rush (Juncus roemerianus).
Coastal Band Mangrove Zone (0-20m) This narrow zone lies landward of the shoreline ridge of Card Sound. The trees found here are: red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle), white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa) and black mangrove (Avicennia germinans). These mangroves are tall, though somewhat smaller than those on the adjacent coastal ridge. Biomass production in this area is substantial and input to the food chain by leaf fall is considerable. Marine grasses and macroalgae are found here, particularly within the tidal meanders.
Coastal Ridge Mangrove Zone (0-25m)This zone is a narrow, elevated ridge that partially extends through the EMB site. The ridge hosts red, white and some black mangroves. These trees are tall and productive. The exotic Australian pine (Caesarian ecluisetifolia) has invaded this ridge.
There are many flights all year in Florida. Males patrol near host plants, and courtship occurs in late afternoon. The primary larval host plant is annual glasswort, Salicornia bigelovii Torr. (Chenopodiaceae). Perennial glasswort, Salicornia perennis Mill. and saltwort, Batis maritima L. (Bataceae) also may be used. In the Florida Keys, larvae are attended by ants (Tapinoma sessile [Say]) which stroke them and feed from the dorsal nectary gland on the seventh abdominal segment (Harvey & Longino 1989).
To be clear, this action includes various specific actions that remove undesirable plants (e.g. physical removal, mowing, herbicide application) or kill undesirable seeds (e.g. burning, covering the soil with black plastic) in areas planted with desirable marsh or swamp plants. Management might be one-off or continuous. Evidence summarized for this action focuses on responses of the planted vegetation; studies that report responses of other vegetation are included in separate interventions elsewhere on this site. 041b061a72